This may be viewed as the breaking up of a large sexual population (panmictic) into smaller overlapping sexual populations. However, there may be low frequencies of exchange with these neighbors. This seldom occurs in nature: localization of gamete exchange – through dispersal limitations, preferential mating, cataclysm, or other cause – may lead to small actual gamodemes which exchange gametes reasonably uniformly within themselves but are virtually separated from their neighboring gamodemes. Under this state, allele ( gamete) frequencies can be converted to genotype ( zygote) frequencies by expanding an appropriate quadratic equation, as shown by Sir Ronald Fisher in his establishment of quantitative genetics. ![]() If the gamodeme is very large (theoretically, approaching infinity), and all gene alleles are uniformly distributed by the gametes within it, the gamodeme is said to be panmictic. This also implies that all members belong to the same species. They can thus routinely exchange gametes in order to have usually fertile progeny, and such a breeding group is also known therefore as a gamodeme. In genetics, a population is often defined as a set of organisms in which any pair of members can breed together.
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